This is where the learner has a central base (the ‘Hub’) such as a ward and then spends short periods of time gaining insight into other related areas (the ‘Spokes’). After each spoke experience the learner returns to their base (the ‘Hub’). An example of a Hub and Spoke in care for older people is where the learner’s hub is a community placement and the spoke experiences are within the older person’s team and hospital in-patient areas.

This is where the learner moves through a series of different but related areas in order to get a breadth of experiences in different fields. The rotational series is purposely structured and examples may include a rotation between cardiac catheterisation laboratories, and, coronary care.

In this type of model the leaner spends time in a variety of associated areas such as outpatients, a chemotherapy day unit or oncology in-patient ward and a palliative care setting such as a hospice. This allows the learner to see how a variety of services and health care professionals work together as a network in order to provide seamless care throughout the patient journey.